BBR (Bottleneck Bandwidth and RTT) is a new congestion control algorithm which is contributed to the Linux kernel TCP stack by Google. With BBR in place, a Linux server can get significantly increased throughput and reduced latency for connections. Besides, it's easy to deploy BBR because this algorithm requires only updates on the sender side, not in the network or on the receiver side.

In this article, I will show you how to deploy BBR on a Vultr CentOS 7 KVM server instance.

Prerequisites

• A Vultr CentOS 7 x64 server instance.
• A sudo user.

Step 1: Upgrade the kernel using the ELRepo RPM repository

In order to use BBR, you need to upgrade the kernel of your CentOS 7 machine to 4.9.0. You can easily get that done using the ELRepo RPM repository.

Before the upgrade, you can take a look at the current kernel:

uname -r

This command should output a string which resembles:

3.10.0-514.2.2.el7.x86_64

As you see, the current kernel is 3.10.0.

Install the ELRepo repo:

sudo rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
sudo rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-2.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm

Install the 4.9.0 kernel using the ELRepo repo:

sudo yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-ml -y

Confirm the result:

rpm -qa | grep kernel

If the installation is successful, you should see kernel-ml-4.9.0-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 among the output list:

kernel-ml-4.9.0-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
kernel-3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64
kernel-tools-libs-3.10.0-514.2.2.el7.x86_64
kernel-tools-3.10.0-514.2.2.el7.x86_64
kernel-3.10.0-514.2.2.el7.x86_64

Now, you need to enable the 4.9.0 kernel by setting up the default grub2 boot entry.

Show all entries in the grub2 menu:

sudo egrep ^menuentry /etc/grub2.cfg | cut -f 2 -d \'

The result should resemble:

CentOS Linux 7 Rescue a0cbf86a6ef1416a8812657bb4f2b860 (4.9.0-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64)
CentOS Linux (4.9.0-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-514.2.2.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (0-rescue-bf94f46c6bd04792a6a42c91bae645f7) 7 (Core)

Since the line count starts at 0 and the 4.9.0 kernel entry is on the first line, set the default boot entry as 0:

sudo grub2-set-default 0

Reboot the system:

sudo shutdown -r now

When the server is back online, log back in and rerun the uname command to confirm that you are using the correct Kernel:

uname -r

You should see the result as below:

4.9.0-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64

Step 2: Enable BBR

In order to enable the BBR algorithm, you need to modify the sysctl configuration as follows:

echo 'net.core.default_qdisc=fq' | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
echo 'net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=bbr' | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
sudo sysctl -p

Now, you can use the following commands to confirm that BBR is enabled:

sudo sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control

The output should resemble:

net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control = bbr cubic reno

Next, verify with:

sudo sysctl -n net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control

The output should be:

bbr

Finally, check that the kernel module was loaded:

lsmod | grep bbr

The output will be similar to:

tcp_bbr                16384  0

Step 3 (optional): Test the network performance enhancement

In order to test BBR's network performance enhancement, you can create a file in the web server directory for download, and then test the download speed from a web browser on your desktop machine.

sudo yum install httpd -y
sudo systemctl start httpd.service
sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=http
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
cd /var/www/html
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=500mb.zip bs=1024k count=500

Finally, visit the URL http://[your-server-IP]/500mb.zip from a web browser on your desktop computer, and then evaluate download speed.

That's all. Thank you for reading.

PS

centos 8 不需要单独安装bbr，因为内核已经集成了，所以如果想要在centos8上启用bbr，只需要做少量的设置就可以搞定了。
centos8 开启安装 BBR
首先Centos8 不需要安装BBR已经系统内核已经支持了

所以步骤就非常简单了

打开这个文件 /etc/sysctl.conf，加入下边两句话

net.core.default_qdisc = fq
net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control = bbr
保存退出后，执行下边的命令使配置生效

sysctl -p
至此bbr就开启了

你可以通过下边三个命令验证是否已经开启成功，命令输出的结果都有bbr就是成功啦~

[root@centos8-1 ~]# sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control
net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control = reno cubic bbr

[root@centos8-1 ~]# sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control
net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control = bbr

[root@centos8-1 ~]# lsmod | grep bbr
tcp_bbr 20480 1